2-2. Structure names for the 44 surfactants included in the Krafft point correlations

2-3. Methods for estimating molecular volume

2-4. Structure names for the 78 hydrocarbons and fluorocarbons used for the determination of molecular volume

3-1. Approved daily intake values for some surfactants

3-2. Specific roles of cosurfactant in microemulsion formulation

3-3. The effect of oils on the PIT for volume ratio 1.0 water/oil emulsion containing 10% POE (9.6) nonylphenyl ether

3-4. Expected structures for different R values

3-5. Abe's microemulsion design rules

3-6. Surfactant mixture studies

3-7. Maximum solubilization for Spans and Tweens

3-8. Maximum solubilization in different oils

3-9. Mole fractions of Span and Tween 85 at the ratio of maximum solubilization in different alkane oil phases

3-10. Maximum water solubilization for Igepal CO mixtures in hexadecane and cyclohexane

3-11. Other successful maximum solubilization experiments

3-12. Unsuccessful maximum solubilization experiments

4-1. Solubility of n-aliphatic alcohols in water at 25^oC

4-2. Rules for alcohol influence on micellar stability

4-3. Slow relaxation time estimates for 150 mM SDS + salt (NaClO₄)

4-4. Slow relaxation time (t₂) and electrical conductivity for SDS micellar solutions with different concentrations of nonionic surfactants

4-5. Slow relaxation time (t₂) and electrical conductivity for SDS micellar solutions with different concentrations of electrolytes

4-6. Surface tension values (dyne/cm) at 20^oC

4-7. Surface tension and viscosity values (20^oC, unless otherwise marked)

4-8. Absorbance peaks and solvatochromic shift of selected dyes in organic solvents

4-9. Absorbance peaks of Sudan Black B in selected micelles

4-10. Aggregation number of some typical nonionic surfactants as a function of temperature

A-1. HLB and structure of selected surfactants

For more information on surfactants, please visit the Surfactants Virtual Library